In the readings I have read so far, it is said that the Language is lateralized or localized in the left hemisphere of the brain. The left hemisphere consist of 3 areas where it is thought that the language is. These 3 areas are: Broca’s area “(the motor speech area)” as it is said in Chapter 12, the Wernickes’s area, which is responsible for the speech comprehension and other linguistic functions and the supplemental motor area. Damages to these sites in the left cerebral hemisphere caused aphasia. If the damage occurred in the same sites in the right hemisphere the linguistic capacities were intact. Today’s scientists agree with this left lateralization of the language and say that the left hemisphere is vital for speech and language. Although not every person’s brain is oriented this way. Some person might have the language capacities lateralized somewhere else. Seventy percent of people with left brain damage get aphasia whether only one percent of people get aphasia if they have right brain damage. With new medical technology, like scanning with different machines as for example: MRI,PET…, is proven that the science achieved to have information of the brain without having to operate the patient or making an autopsy, with these scanning machines scientist were able to locate the brain’s activity when the patient was asked to perform an action. This way the can confirm once again that most of the language capacities in humans are lateralized in the left hemisphere in the brain. And concluding, the following are some examples of the capacities that humans have lateralized on both hemispheres of the brain:
Left hemisphere: Speech, writing, temporal- order judgments, language, reading, associative thoughts, calculations, analytic processing and right visual field.
Right hemisphere: Holistic processing, stereognosis, nonverbal environmental sounds, visuospatial skills, nonverbal ideation, recognition and memory of melodies and left visual field.
Left hemisphere: Speech, writing, temporal- order judgments, language, reading, associative thoughts, calculations, analytic processing and right visual field.
Right hemisphere: Holistic processing, stereognosis, nonverbal environmental sounds, visuospatial skills, nonverbal ideation, recognition and memory of melodies and left visual field.